PEMBUATAN BIOETHANOL DARI AMPAS KELAPA MENGGUNAKAN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE DENGAN CARA FERMENTASI

LENI MARLINA, 122017009 (2021) PEMBUATAN BIOETHANOL DARI AMPAS KELAPA MENGGUNAKAN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE DENGAN CARA FERMENTASI. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang.

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Abstract

Abstrak Keberadaan bahan bakar minyak semakin lama semakin menipis bahkan pada tahun 2025 diperkirakan ketersediaan minyak bumi akan habis. Sebagai pengganti BBM atau bahan bakar minyak , saat ini mulai dikembangkan Bahan Bakar Nabati (BBN). Untuk mengatasi kelangkahan bahan bakar minyak dan Pencemaran limbah ampas kelapa yang melimpah perlu ditangani upaya seperti menciptakan energi alternatif yaitu bioethanol. Pada ampas kelapa dilakukan analisa Fourier Tranfrom Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) untuk mengetahui gugus kimia yang terkandung dalam Ampas kelapa. Setelah dianalisa diketahui bahwa Ampas Kelapa mengandung Polisakarida atau tepung-tepungan yang dapat dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol.proses pembuatan bioetanol terdiri dari hidrolisis, fermentasi dan pemurnian. Ampas kelapa diperas selama 5 kali hingga kandungan santannya tidak keluar lagi, ampas kelapa dioven dengan suhu suhu 45⁰c selama 5 jam kemudian diblender hingga menjadi tepung, kemudian ampas kelapa dihidrolysis menggunakan H2SO4 10% sebanyak 200 ml kemudian diambil ampas kelapanya 20gr dan dipanaskan selama 45 menit dengan suhu 80 ºC. dilakukakan fermentasi dengan bantuan saccharomyces cerevisiae yaitu, 4 gr, 8 gr, dan 10 gr, pada suhu ruangan 28⁰C dan lama fermentasi selama 6 hari, 7 hari, dan 8 hari dan destilasi dengan suhu 70-80⁰C. Hasil terbaik yang dihasilkan dari penelitian adalah pada lama fermentasi ke 7 hari dan pada penambahan saccharomyces cerevisiae 10 gr dengan nilai indeks bias 1,33344 menghasilkan kadar bioethanol sebesar 13,2%. Kata kunci: Ampas Kelapa, Analisa Fourier Tranfrom Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Fermentasi, Hidrolisis, Bioetanol. Abstract As technology develops and the population increases, the need for energy will increase. The existence of fuel oil is getting thinner and even by 2025 it is estimated that the availability of petroleum will run out. As a substitute for fuel or fuel oil, currently starting to be developed Biofuel (BBN). To overcome the scarcity of fuel oil and the abundant pollution of coconut pulp waste, efforts need to be addressed, such as creating alternative energy, namely bioethanol. In coconut dregs, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was performed to determine the chemical groups contained in coconut dregs. After being analyzed, it was found that coconut pulp contains polysaccharides or flours which can be used as raw materials for the manufacture of bioethanol. The process of making bioethanol consists of hydrolysis, fermentation and purification. The coconut pulp is squeezed for 5 times until the coconut milk content does not come out anymore, the coconut pulp is roasted at a temperature of 45⁰c for 5 hours then blended until it becomes flour, then the coconut pulp is hydrolyzed using H2SO4 10% as much as 200 ml then taken the coconut pulp 20gr and heated for 45 minutes with a temperature of 80 C. Fermentation was carried out with the help of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, namely, 4 g, 8 g, and 10 g, at room temperature 28⁰C and fermentation time for 6 days, 7 days, and 8 days and distillation at a temperature of 70-80⁰C. The best results obtained from the study were the 7-day fermentation period and the addition of 10 g of saccharomyces cerevisiae with a refractive index value of 1.33344 resulted in a bioethanol content of 13.2%. Keywords: Coconut Dregs, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Analysis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Fermentation, Hydrolysis, Bioethanol

Item Type: Thesis (Skripsi)
Additional Information: 1. Ir. Ummi Kalsum,M.T 2. dr. Ir. elfidiah, M.T
Uncontrolled Keywords: Kata kunci: Ampas Kelapa, Analisa Fourier Tranfrom Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Fermentasi, Hidrolisis, Bioetanol.
Subjects: Kimia > Bioteknologi (Mikrobiologi dan Biokimia)
Kimia > Teknologi Bahan Kimia Industri
Kimia > Teknologi Makanan
Divisions: Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Kimia (S1)
Depositing User: Mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik
Date Deposited: 13 Sep 2021 08:04
Last Modified: 13 Sep 2021 08:04
URI: http://repository.um-palembang.ac.id/id/eprint/17944

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