PENGARUH VOLUME PELARUT N-HEPTANA 99,9% TERHADAP KUALITAS MINYAK DARI BIJI ALPUKAT

REZA OMMAMI OLIVIA, 122018015 (2021) PENGARUH VOLUME PELARUT N-HEPTANA 99,9% TERHADAP KUALITAS MINYAK DARI BIJI ALPUKAT. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang.

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Abstract

PENGARUH VOLUME PELARUT N-HEPTANA TERHADAP KUALITAS MINYAK DARI BIJI ALPUKAT Reza Ommami Olivia1, Mardwita2, Sri Martini3 Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, Indonesia 1rezaolivia511@gmail.com 2wiwitdiita@gmail.com 3sri_martini79@gmail.com ABSTRAK Produksi alpukat yang cukup tinggi di Indonesia menyebabkan limbah biji alpukat meningkat. Biji alpukat memiliki kandungan minyak yang cukup besar sehingga berpotensi untuk dijadikan salah satu sumber minyak nabati. Pelarut yang umum digunakan untuk proses ekstraksi adalah heksana. Namun, heksana ternyata memiliki bahaya yang mengkhawatirkan jika digunakan untuk ekstraksi bahan makanan, sehingga diperlukan pelarut alternatif seperti n-heptana. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variabel penelitian pada ekstraksi minyak biji alpukat dengan pelarut n-heptana. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengestraksi biji alpukat menggunakan soklet ekstraksi dan solvent n-heptana dengan temperatur 70oC, tekanan 1 atm dan waktu 100, 160, 220 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukan volume pelarut dan lamanya waktu ekstraksi mempengaruhi peningkatan jumlah minyak biji alpukat yang dihasilkan. Dalam mengetahui mutu dari minyak biji alpukat dilakukan analisa %yield, densitas, asam lemak bebas (%ALB), dan kadar air. Hasil penelitian menunjukan %yield adalah sebesar 35,6% pada variable 200 ml volume dan 220 menit waktu ekstraksi. Densitas yang di dapatkan yaitu 689-710kg/ml3, kadar asam lemak bebas (%ALB)) 0,77% - 1% dan Kadar air 0,089 % - 0,114 %. Kata kunci : biji alpukat, ekstaksi, n-heptana ABSTRACT The high production of avocado in Indonesia causes the waste of avocado seeds to increase. Avocado seeds have a large enough oil content so that they have the potential to be used as a source of vegetable oil. The solvent commonly used for the extraction process is hexane. However, hexane turns out to have an alarming danger if it is used for the extraction of foodstuffs, so alternative solvents such as n-heptane are needed. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of research variables on avocado seed oil extraction with nheptane solvent. This research method was carried out by extracting avocado seeds using an extraction socket and solvent n-heptane with a temperature of 70oC, a pressure of 1 atm and a time of 100, 160, 220 minutes. The results showed that the volume of solvent and the length of extraction time affected the increase in the amount of avocado seed oil produced. In knowing the quality of avocado seed oil, analysis of % yield, density, free fatty acid (%ALB), and moisture content was carried out. The results showed that %yield was 35.6% in the variable 200 ml volume and 220 minutes of extraction time. The density obtained is 689-710kg/ml3, the free fatty acid content (%ALB)) is 0.77% - 1% and the water content is 0.089% - 0.114 %. Keywords : seeds of acocado, extraction, h-heptane

Item Type: Thesis (Skripsi)
Additional Information: 1. Dr. Mardwita, S.T., M.T. 2. Dr. Sri Martini., S.T., M.T.
Uncontrolled Keywords: biji alpukat, ekstaksi, n-heptana
Subjects: Kimia > Teknologi Minyak, Lemak, lilin dan Gas Industri
Divisions: Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Kimia (S1)
Depositing User: Mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik
Date Deposited: 18 Oct 2022 03:02
Last Modified: 18 Oct 2022 03:02
URI: http://repository.um-palembang.ac.id/id/eprint/23062

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