Raihan Mufaddol, NIM. 132022067 (2026) ANALISIS SUPLAI DEBIT AIR DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN BESARAN DAYA PEMBANGKIT PADA PLTMH MADRASAH KAPASITAS 5 KW. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palemabang.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK PLTMH merupakan solusi energi terbarukan yang menjanjikan untuk mengatasi keterbatasan akses listrik, khususnya di daerah pedesaan yang memiliki potensi sumber daya air. Permasalahan utama penelitian ini adalah belum diketahuinya secara pasti hubungan antara perubahan suplai debit air dengan besaran daya listrik yang dihasilkan PLTMH Madrasah kapasitas 5 kW, sebab debit air yang berubahubah akibat kondisi aliran sungai dan karakteristik penampang saluran menyebabkan daya keluaran turut berfluktuasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik suplai debit air, hubungan antara debit air dengan daya listrik yang dihasilkan, serta pengaruh perubahan debit air terhadap besaran daya pembangkit. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengukuran langsung di lapangan menggunakan flowatch, tachometer, multimeter, dan tang ampere untuk memperoleh data kecepatan aliran, debit air, tegangan, arus, frekuensi, dan daya, baik pada aliran sungai maupun aliran di dalam pipa pesat (penstock). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa debit air pada aliran sungai sebesar 0,466 m³/s menghasilkan daya available 10,9 kW dan daya aktif 937,512 Watt, sedangkan debit air pada aliran pipa pesat sebesar 0,334 m³/s menghasilkan daya available 7,86 kW dan daya aktif 930 Watt. Hubungan antara debit air dan daya listrik yang dihasilkan bersifat berbanding lurus, dan variasi debit air juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kestabilan tegangan dan frekuensi generator. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengendalian debit air melalui perangkat pintu air otomatis serta pemeliharaan sistem penstock, turbin, dan generator sangat diperlukan untuk menjaga performa PLTMH agar tetap efisien, stabil, dan berkelanjutan. ABSTRACT PLTMH offer a promising renewable energy solution to address limited electricity access, particularly in rural areas with water resource potential. The central issue addressed in this study is the lack of precise knowledge regarding the relationship between fluctuations in water discharge supply and the electrical power output of the 5 kW capacity Madrasah PLTMH; variations in discharge caused by river flow conditions and channel cross-section characteristics lead to corresponding fluctuations in power output. This study aims to analyze water discharge supply characteristics, the relationship between discharge and generated electrical power, and the impact of discharge variations on power generation levels. A quantitative descriptive method was employed, utilizing direct field measurements with a flow meter, tachometer, multimeter, and clamp meter to gather data on flow velocity, discharge, voltage, current, frequency, and power for both the river flow and the flow within the penstock. The results indicate that a river discharge of 0.466 m³/s yields an available power of 10.9 kW and an active power of 937.512 Watts, whereas a penstock discharge of 0.334 m³/s yields an available power of 7.86 kW and an active power of 930 Watts. A directly proportional relationship exists between water discharge and generated electrical power, and discharge variations significantly affect the stability of the generator's voltage and frequency. It is concluded that controlling water discharge via automated sluice gates and maintaining the penstock system, turbine, and generator are essential to ensuring the PLTMH operates efficiently, stably, and sustainably.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
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| Additional Information: | Dosen Pembimbing 1. Ir. Zulkiffli Saleh, M.Eng 2. Dr. Bengawan Alfaresi,S.T., M.T |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kata kunci: PLTMH, debit air, daya pembangkit, turbin Crossflow, energi terbarukan |
| Subjects: | Elektro > Teknik Tenaga Air |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Elektro (S1) |
| Depositing User: | Mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Sep 2026 06:49 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Sep 2026 06:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.um-palembang.ac.id/id/eprint/37263 |
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